Most of the time, probably, but don't bet the farm on it, because if you're wrong, you'll lose big.
If you really, really need to have identical binary information, you'll need to create bitfields with bitmasks - e.g. you use an unsigned short (16 bit) for Message, and then make things like versionMask = 0xE000 to represent the three topmost bits.
There's a similar problem with alignment within structs. For instance, Sparc, PowerPC, and 680x0 CPUs are all big-endian, and the common default for Sparc and PowerPC compilers is to align struct members on 4-byte boundaries. However, one compiler I used for 680x0 only aligned on 2-byte boundaries - and there was no option to change the alignment!
So for some structs, the sizes on Sparc and PowerPC are identical, but smaller on 680x0, and some of the members are in different memory offsets within the struct.
This was a problem with one project I worked on, because a server process running on Sparc would query a client and find out it was big-endian, and assume it could just squirt binary structs out on the network and the client could cope. And that worked fine on PowerPC clients, and crashed big-time on 680x0 clients. I didn't write the code, and it took quite a while to find the problem. But it was easy to fix once I did.
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